Pope Francis’ visit to Indonesia is also anticipated to bring attention to the conflict-ridden region of Papua, where civilian rights continue to be threatened.

“Papua, which has suffered violence for decades, must be a focal point. The escalation of violence, militarization, and suppression of dissent in Papua has led to numerous civilian casualties, displacement, and a humanitarian crisis that demands urgent attention,” said Usman.

Civilians in Papua, including indigenous peoples, have endured massive military operations resulting in extrajudicial killings by state and non-state armed groups, torture, internal displacement, and other violations.

From February 3, 2018, to August 20, 2024, Amnesty has recorded 132 cases of extrajudicial killings resulting in at least 242 civilian deaths. Some cases involved security forces (83 cases with 135 victims) and others by pro-independence armed groups (49 cases with 107 victims).

Among the victims was New Zealand helicopter pilot Glen Malcolm Conning, killed while transporting four civilians in Alama District, Mimika Regency, Central Papua, on August 5, 2024. The perpetrator’s identity remains unclear, prompting Amnesty to call for a full investigation.

Another New Zealander, Phillip Mehrtens, has been held hostage since February 7, 2023, by a pro-independence armed group. From January 2019 to February 2024, there were at least 17 torture cases involving 50 victims, reportedly by security forces and state apparatus in Papua.

“Therefore, Pope Francis must also emphasize the importance of peaceful dialogue and resolutions that respect human rights and the aspirations of the Papuan people,” Usman added. (Uki Ruknuddin)

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